Journal of Communication and Information Systems
https://jcis.sbrt.org.br/jcis
<p>The Journal of Communication and Information Systems (JCIS) features high-quality, peer-reviewed technical papers in several communications and information systems areas. The JCIS is jointly sponsored by the Brazilian Telecommunications Society (SBrT) and the IEEE Communications Society (ComSoc). </p> <p>There are no article publication or submission charges. Previous editions of the JCIS can be accessed <a href="https://jcis.sbrt.org.br/index.php/JCIS/issue/archive" target="_blank" rel="noopener">here</a>.</p> <p>JCIS is a gold open-access journal, meaning that all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution, permanently accessible online immediately upon assignment of the DOI. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles or use them for any other lawful purpose without asking the publisher's or the author's prior permission. This is under the BOAI definition of open access.</p> <p>ISSN: 1980-6604</p>Brazilian Telecommunications Societyen-USJournal of Communication and Information Systems1980-6604<p>Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms:</p> <ol> <li>Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/" target="_new">Creative Commons Attribution License</a> that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.</li> <li>Authors can enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.</li> <li>Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) before and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See <a href="http://opcit.eprints.org/oacitation-biblio.html" target="_new">The Effect of Open Access</a>).</li> </ol> <p>___________</p>Embedded-SIM (E-SIM) an overview in Latin America: implementation, availability, advantages and disadvantages
https://jcis.sbrt.org.br/jcis/article/view/885
<p>Search new forms for data management and security is a continuous tendency for mobile operators. Proof of this is the trend of the latest technology related to the Embedded Subscriber Identity Module or Embedded-SIM (E-SIM). Recently there was an increase in the number of devices that offer this technology as a security element for the access to the network, however, it is clear the lack of consistent information for the implementation of this technology within Latin America. This research presents a current overview about the evolution of the embedded subscriber identity module, aiming to present the general characteristics that are part of the network, evaluate the current status of implementation and adoption with Latin America carriers, showing the obstacles in the process of acceptance of new technology by users as well as the advantages, disadvantages of E-SIM in relation to the traditional SIM Card. The investigation was carried out through documentary surveys and field research, the data was collected to demonstrate the current perspective of the implementation of E-SIM and adoption by customers and network operators in Latin America. The observed results showed that the adoption of E-SIM in Latin America has been increasing, it was observed that most countries have at least one carrier that makes available and offers this service. Regarding the advantages and disadvantages, evidence has been observed place E-SIM like a better technology than a SIM Card.</p>Hyggor Da Silva MedeirosLeandro de Souza BezerraFernando Trinidad EspañaJefferson Tiago Santos de Oliveira
Copyright (c) 2024 Hyggor Da Silva Medeiros, Leandro de Souza Bezerra, Fernando Trinidad España, Jefferson Tiago Santos de Oliveira (Author)
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
2024-02-152024-02-15391465710.14209/jcis.2024.5Performance of Detectors for Cooperative Spectrum Sensing Under Laplacian Noise
https://jcis.sbrt.org.br/jcis/article/view/881
<p>Electronic systems in general can be impaired by<br>impulsive noise generated by a variety of sources. Spectrum<br>sensors are of particular interest herein, since their probabilities<br>of detection and false alarm can be severely degraded under this<br>impairment. Several models for impulsive noise have been studied<br>in the literature, all of them having the common characteristic<br>of being well represented by heavy-tailed probability density<br>functions, like Laplace and some Stable distributions. This<br>article addresses the performances of state-of-the-art detectors<br>for cooperative spectrum sensing when the received signal is<br>impaired by Laplacian noise. This is made by means of estimating<br>the probability of detection for a fixed false alarm rate, when<br>important system parameters are varied. It is demonstrated<br>that the robustness against impulsive noise varies significantly<br>depending on the adopted detection strategy.</p>Luiz Gustavo Barros GuedesDayan Adionel Guimarães
Copyright (c) 2024 Luiz Gustavo Barros Guedes, Dayan Adionel Guimarães (Author)
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
2024-01-122024-01-1239111210.14209/jcis.2024.1Energy Harvesting in Electric Power Systems for Data Communication Systems
https://jcis.sbrt.org.br/jcis/article/view/880
<p>Aiming to illuminate the path towards integrating energy harvesting (EH) technologies into modern electric power systems, thereby enabling more efficient and sustainable energy solutions, this paper explores energy harvesting within electric power systems and points out its potential to power data communication purposes. In this sense, we examine the overarching principles of EH in these systems, spotlighting both the merits and limitations associated with energy extraction across varying voltage levels and electric signal frequency bands. Central components of EH devices, alongside a spectrum of harvesting methodologies, are thoroughly reviewed. Also, we showcase a case study that provides a quantitative assessment of EH potential in electric power systems. The manuscript culminates in a forward-looking analysis of EH, considering emerging technologies that promise to redefine the landscape. These include integrating hybrid power line and wireless systems, strategies for optimal power allocation, enhancements in physical layer security, the innovative concept of negawatts, advancements in harvesting circuit designs and applying non-orthogonal multiple access techniques.</p>Victor FernandesÂndrei CamponogaraMateus de Lima FilomenoMoisés Vidal Ribeiro
Copyright (c) 2024 Victor Fernandes, Ândrei Camponogara, Mateus de Lima Filomeno, Moisés Vidal Ribeiro (Author)
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
2024-02-222024-02-2239110.14209/jcis.2024.6Channel Analysis for 3.5 GHz Frequency in Airport
https://jcis.sbrt.org.br/jcis/article/view/876
<p>Abstract—This letter presents an analysis of the radio propagation channel based on measurements at the 3.5 GHz frequency. The measurement campaigns were carried out inside the Valde-Cans airport using line-of-sight (LOS) transmissions. First, the channel small-scale dispersion parameters were extracted through channel probing and the results are similar to those obtained by ITU-R P.1238 for the bands below 15 GHz considering commercial indoor environments as well as for those using the 3.5 GHz band in outdoor environments utilizing WiMax OFDM-256 signals. Then, the floating-intercept (FI) and close-in (CI) models are applied and analyzed to evaluate the received signal behavior for co-polarized and cross-polarized antennas. The results show that the CI path loss exponent values are close to the free space propagation loss model, while the FI model provides a lower root mean square error (RMSE) to the measured data. The results show that the FI and CI models are suitable for large-scale indoor propagation loss modeling for 5G networks with a frequency of 3.5 GHz.</p>Alex Sanches MacedoThiago de Araujo CostaEdemir Marcus Carvalho de MatosLESLYE ESTEFANIA CASTRO ERASJasmine Priscyla Leite de AraujoPedro Vladimir Gonzalez Castellanos Vladimir Gonzalez CastellanosFabricio Jose Brito Barros
Copyright (c) 2023 Alex Sanches Macedo, Thiago de Araujo Costa, Edemir Marcus Carvalho de Matos, LESLYE ESTEFANIA CASTRO ERAS, Jasmine Priscyla Leite de Araujo, Pedro Vladimir Gonzalez Castellanos Vladimir Gonzalez Castellanos, Fabricio Jose Brito Barros
2023-08-242023-08-2439111512010.14209/jcis.2023.13On the Quasi-Moment-Method as a Rain Attenuation Prediction Modeling Algorithm
https://jcis.sbrt.org.br/jcis/article/view/875
<p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>A computationally inexpensive, analytically simple, and remarkably efficient rain attenuation prediction algorithm is presented in this paper. The algorithm, here referred to as the Quasi-Moment-Method (QMM), has only two main requirements for its implementation. First, rain attenuation measurement data (terrestrial or slant path) for the site of interest must be available; and second, a model, known to have predicted attenuation for any site to a reasonable level of accuracy (base model), and whose analytical format can be expressed as a linear combination of its parameters, is also required. An important novelty introduced by the QMM algorithm is a normalization scheme, through which a modelling difficulty concerning exceedance probabilities outside a 0,01 – to -1 range, is eliminated. Model validation and performance evaluation using a comprehensive set of data available from the literature clearly demonstrated that the QMM models consistently improved base model performance by more than 90%; and outperformed all published ‘best fit’ models with which they were compared.</strong></p>Sulainman Adeniyi AdekolaAyotunde Abimbola AyorindeHisham Abubakar MuhammedFrancis Olutunji OkewoleIke Mowete
Copyright (c) 2023 Sulainman Adeniyi Adekola, Professor, Ayotunde Abimbola Ayorinde, Dr., Hisham Abubakar Muhammed, Engr., Francis Olutunji Okewole, Engr., Ike Mowete, Professor (Author)
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
2023-12-112023-12-1139110.14209/jcis.2023.22Analysis of the Impact of Wavelength-Dependent Physical Impairments Considering a Multiband Elastic Optical Network
https://jcis.sbrt.org.br/jcis/article/view/873
<div class="page" title="Page 1"> <div class="layoutArea"> <div class="column"> <p>In this paper, we analyze the impact of wavelength- dependent physical impairments, specifically the optical fiber attenuation coefficient (<em>α</em>) and the optical amplifiers noise figure (<em>NF</em>), considering S, C and L bands in a multiband elastic optical network. The calls blocking probability and the distribution of modulation formats among the network accepted calls were used as evaluation metrics. The results obtained for the use of G-652.A optical fiber show that using α and NF with fixed values underestimates the most realistic scenario (<em>α</em> and <em>NF</em> dependent on wavelength). For the use of G-652.D optical fiber, it was possible to obtain a reduction of approximately 63.41% for S band, 95.60% for C band and 98.84% for L band, in terms of calls blocking probability, when the most realistic scenario was compared with the scenario most used in the literature (<em>α</em> and <em>NF</em> with fixed values). In addition, it was verified that, with the most realistic scenario, it was possible to obtain the distribution of more efficient modulation formats using the G-652.D optical fiber with C band.</p> </div> </div> </div>Ademar Alves dos Santos-JúniorJosé Roberto do Nascimento ArcanjoHelder Alves PereiraRaul Camelo de Andrade Almeida-Júnior
Copyright (c) 2023 Ademar Alves dos Santos-Júnior, José Roberto do Nascimento Arcanjo, Helder Alves Pereira, Raul Camelo de Andrade Almeida-Júnior
2023-08-142023-08-143919210410.14209/jcis.2023.11Modeling Noise as a Bernoulli-Gaussian Process
https://jcis.sbrt.org.br/jcis/article/view/871
<p>Transmission medium is always perturbed by noise with a random nature which can be characterized by taking a sequence of noise samples and, after analyzing the sequence, attributing a probabilistic model to represent the randomness of the noise. If thermal noise (receiver generated) is the only noise impairing the transmission (our only focus is digital transmission) the memoryless stationary discrete-time Gaussian process is the best model to probabilistically represent the noise. The mathematical representation of the transmission medium in such a situation yields the well known Gaussian Channel. As Information Theory points out, for a fixed noise power, the Gaussian channel is the worst channel to send information through. If thermal noise is not the only noise impairing the transmission (as in sonar communication and power line communication) finding the probabilistic model other than the single-parameter Gaussian process, which best match the noise can much improve the communication system design. The Bernoulli-Gaussian process, a three parameters model, is a common considered option. Finding the three parameters of the Bernoulli-Gaussian model (from known noise samples) is a formidable task that can be made simpler by considering the (original) results presented in the current paper. The Bernoulli-Gaussian model can be characterized, analytically, by using the noise power and two additional quantities: the expectation of the absolute value of the noise process plus the expected value of the third power of the absolute value. In practice the parameters would be calculated using estimates of the mentioned expected values. The communication system design can be much improved if a well fit Bernoulli-Gaussian stochastic process is selected to model the noise. This is an alternative to model the communication using power lines which is often modeled as Middleton Class-A. The rate harvested when modeling the medium as a Bernoulli-Gaussian channel, it is shown, is increased when compared to modeling the medium with the easily obtained Gaussian channel.</p>Weiler Alves FinamoreMarcelo da Silva PinhoManish SharmaMoisés Vidal Ribeiro
Copyright (c) 2023 Weiler Alves Finamore, Marcelo da Silva Pinho, Manish Sharma, Moisés Vidal Ribeiro
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
2023-11-152023-11-1539117418610.14209/jcis.2023.20A Detailed Design Procedure for Printed Log-Periodic Antennas with Koch Fractal Dipoles
https://jcis.sbrt.org.br/jcis/article/view/869
<p>This paper presents a complete procedure for the design of printed log-periodic antennas. An investigation on the coaxial-to-parallel-strip transition usually present in this kind of antenna is discussed in detail and it is demonstrated to be very critical for the achievement of the desired impedance bandwidth. Furthermore, in order to reduce the overall antenna size, the dipoles have been implemented based on Koch fractals. It has been demonstrated that the use of Koch fractals allowed reducing the antenna area by 25 % in comparison to the classical printed log-periodic structure. Both designs have been optimized for the frequency range 2.3 – 6 GHz, so as to cover several wireless services, such as WLAN, mobile communications and WiMAX, among other applications. Experimental results validate the proposed design strategy.</p>Arielly RodriguesEdson R. SchlosserMarcos V Heckler
Copyright (c) 2024 Arielly Rodrigues, Edson R. Schlosser, Marcos V Heckler (Author)
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
2024-01-292024-01-29391132110.14209/jcis.2024.2Circularly Polarized Single-Layer Microstrip Reflectarray Fed with a 2x2 Microstrip Patch Array
https://jcis.sbrt.org.br/jcis/article/view/868
<p>The design of a single-band singly-layered reflectarray fed by a circularly polarized 22 microstrip patch antenna array with corporate feeding to be used in K-band (18.7-19.2 GHz) is proposed in this paper. It is demonstrated by simulations and measurements that the axial ratio bandwidth performance of the reflectarray depends strongly on the circularly polarization purity of the feeder. Simulated and measured results revealed that the complete reflectarray exhibits good performance in terms of input impedance with -10 dB input reflection coefficient bandwidth of 19.0 %, radiation pattern with 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth of 10.55 % and 3 dB gain bandwidth of 2.64 %.</p>Roger L. FariasCustódio PeixeiroMarcos V HecklerEdson R. Schlosser
Copyright (c) 2023 Roger L. Farias, Custódio Peixeiro, Marcos V Heckler, Edson R. Schlosser
2023-08-112023-08-11391859110.14209/jcis.2023.102D-FDTD Electromagnetic Simulation of an Ultracompact All-Optical Logic Gate Based on 2D Photonic Crystal for Ultrafast Applications
https://jcis.sbrt.org.br/jcis/article/view/867
<p>In this paper, the concept of photonic crystals (PhCs) is fundamental to designing and simulating an all-optical logic gate device. We proposed an all-optical switch composed of two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystal waveguides with a central photonic crystal ring resonator (PCRR). The new all-optical NAND logic gate device comprises two linear waveguides coupled to each other through a single compact PCRR. The plane wave expansion (PWE) and finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) methods are applied to simulate the properties of the system. The structure is implemented on the operational wavelength of 1700 nm on an air wafer of only 12 μm × 12 μm. Indeed, the simulation results show that the proposed all-optical NAND gate is a strong candidate for ultrafast photonic integrated circuits (PICs) for applications in optical communications, being advantageous with high transmitting power, with simple design, and without the use of optical amplifiers and nonlinear materials.</p>Léo César Parente De AlmeidaFabio Barros de SousaWaldomiro Gomes Paschoal JuniorMarcos Benedito Caldas Costa
Copyright (c) 2024 Léo César Parente De Almeida, Fabio Barros de Sousa, Waldomiro Gomes Paschoal Junior, Marcos Benedito Caldas Costa (Author)
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
2024-02-022024-02-02391354510.14209/jcis.2024.4