Analysis of Measurements in Microwaves Oven with High Level of Non-Ionizing Radiation (NIR) Before and After Repair

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14209/jcis.2024.16

Keywords:

Microwaves Oven, Non-ionizing Radiation, NIR, Measurement, Radiation Leakage.

Abstract

Non-ionizing radiation is the subject of several applications, such as the microwave oven, which is very popular. Its use is characterized by direct user operation and reduced distances between users and the NIR source. Therefore, the level of human exposure in this scenario deserves attention as it is a potential cause of biological effects. In this sense, this paper presents the measurement of a microwave oven with a high level of NIR (above the limit defined by the standard) before and after two types of suggested repairs: the use of epoxy putty (Repair 1) and the replacement of the external surface of the oven (Repair 2). The definitions of measurement methodology, based on FDA and INMETRO standards, are presented and discussed. Finally, we describe an analysis of the efficiency of these repair methods aiming at the safety operation.

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Author Biographies

Julia Silva, UFRN

Júlia da L. A. Silva received her B.S. degrees in Science & Technology and in Telecommunications Engineering from UFRN, in 2017 and 2020, respectively. She completed her professional MBA in Systems and Telecommunications Analysis at Escola Superior Aberta do Brasil (ESAB) in 2022. She is a Master's degree student in the Program in Electrical and Computer Engineering (PPgEEC) at UFRN.

VICENTE ANGELO DE SOUSA JUNIOR, UFRN

Vicente A. de Sousa Jr. received his B.S., M.S and Ph.D.  degrees in Electrical Engineer from the Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil, in 2001,  2002  and  2009,  respectively.  Between 2001 and 2006, he developed solutions to UMTS/WLAN interworking for   UFC   and   Ericsson of   Brazil. Between 2006 and 2010, he contributed to WIMAX standardization and Nokia’s product as a researcher at the Institute of Technological Development (INdT). Dr.  Sousa is now a professor and the head of the GppCom Research Group at UFRN. He is contributing to 5G open RAN projects supported by Lenovo and to NIR measurements and evaluation projects supported by ANATEL Agency.

Marcio Rodrigues, UFRN

Marcio Eduardo da Costa Rodrigues has a BSc degree in Telecommunications Engineering from Fluminense Federal University (UFF, Brazil, year 1997) and MSc (year 2000) and PhD (year 2010) degrees in Electrical Engineering (Telecommunications) from Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio, Brazil), including one year of doctoral stay at ONERA (Toulouse/France, year 2008). In the private enterprise, he took part in projects and research in the field of radio propagation and wireless communications, for mobile operators, ANATEL and Petrobrás, among others. Since 2011, he is a professor at UFRN, having as research interest involving radio propagation, wireless channel modeling, besides Engineering teaching methodologies.

Fred Pinheiro, UFRN

Fred Sizenando Rossiter Pinheiro holds a PhD degree in Health Sciences (2017), a master’s and a undergraduation degrees in electrical engineering (2006, 1975) from UFRN. He holds a specialization degree in Telecommunications Engineering (1996) from UFCG. As engineer at TELERN and TELEMAR (OI) (1975 to 2002), He was responsible for the deployment of microwave communication and telephony systems. He was responsible for implementing and managing the communications system that supported Pope John Paul II's visit to Natal, RN, Brazil, 1991. He took a specialization course in Rural Telecommunications Planning at the USTTI (United States Government Telecommunications Training Institute), Washington and Los Angeles, 1993. Nowadays, Dr. Fred is a professor and a researcher at UFRN.

Gutembergue Silva, UFRN

Gutembergue Soares da Silva holds a PhD in Electrical and Computer Engineering (2015) from UFRN and a master’s degree in Electrical Engineering (1992) from the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). He is also graduated in Electrical Engineering (1975) and Economics (1983) from UFRN. He also has specialization degree in Telecommunications Engineering (1996) from the Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), Brazil. Between 1975 and 2002, he developed activities in planning, design, implementation and operation of telecommunications systems as an executive at TELERN-TELEBRAS, Brazil. Now, Dr. Gutembergue is a professor and a researcher at UFRN, Brazil.

Halysson Mendonça, ANATEL

Halysson B. Mendonça received his M.S degree on ​​mobile communications in 2002. Since 2005, He is working as an engineer at the National Telecommunications Agency – ANATEL. He is responsible for the inspection of the technical rules of regulated companies. In 2011, Mr.  Mendonça concluded a specialization course in Telecommunications Regulation at INATEL, a multidisciplinary course, including technical, legal and other regulatory aspects.

Fernanda Galdino, UFRN

Fernanda Galdino received a degree in Science and Technology from the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil, in 2017. She is also currently pursuing a diploma in Telecommunication Engineering at UFRN.

Ricardo Silva, UFRN

Ricardo Q. de F. H Silva is now pursuing a BSc degree in Electrical Engineering at UFRN and has a technician degree in Electronics at the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Norte (2017). Silva is a research fellow of GppCom Research Group, where is currently working with conception and analysis of features for Wi-Fi, LTE and NR networks using ns-3 simulator. He is also an intern at the ANATEL, where contributes to NIR evaluation projects.

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Published

2024-09-27

How to Cite

Silva, J., JUNIOR, V. A. D. S., Rodrigues, M., Pinheiro, F., Silva, G., Mendonça, H., … Silva, R. (2024). Analysis of Measurements in Microwaves Oven with High Level of Non-Ionizing Radiation (NIR) Before and After Repair. Journal of Communication and Information Systems, 39(1), 160–163. https://doi.org/10.14209/jcis.2024.16

Issue

Vol. 39 No. 1 (2024): Vol. 39 No. 1 (2024)

Section

Letters

License

Copyright (c) 2024 Julia Silva, VICENTE ANGELO DE SOUSA JUNIOR, Marcio Rodrigues, Fred Pinheiro, Gutembergue Silva, Halysson Mendonça, Fernanda Galdino, Ricardo Silva (Author)

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Received 2024-04-25
Accepted 2024-09-23
Published 2024-09-27

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