2D-FDTD Electromagnetic Simulation of an Ultracompact All-Optical Logic Gate Based on 2D Photonic Crystal for Ultrafast Applications

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Published: Feb 2, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14209/jcis.2024.4
Keywords:
Photonic Crystals, Wave Propagation, Electromagnetic Simulation, All-Optical Logic Gates, Interference Effect, Performance Analysis

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Léo César Parente De Almeida
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica, UFPA
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1535-5325
Fabio Barros de Sousa
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica, UFPA
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4170-5261
Waldomiro Gomes Paschoal Junior
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Física, UFPA
Marcos Benedito Caldas Costa
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica, UFPA

Abstract

In this paper, the concept of photonic crystals (PhCs) is fundamental to designing and simulating an all-optical logic gate device. We proposed an all-optical switch composed of two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystal waveguides with a central photonic crystal ring resonator (PCRR). The new all-optical NAND logic gate device comprises two linear waveguides coupled to each other through a single compact PCRR. The plane wave expansion (PWE) and finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) methods are applied to simulate the properties of the system. The structure is implemented on the operational wavelength of 1700 nm on an air wafer of only 12 μm × 12 μm. Indeed, the simulation results show that the proposed all-optical NAND gate is a strong candidate for ultrafast photonic integrated circuits (PICs) for applications in optical communications, being advantageous with high transmitting power, with simple design, and without the use of optical amplifiers and nonlinear materials.

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How to Cite
Parente De Almeida, L. C., Barros de Sousa, F., Gomes Paschoal Junior, W., & Caldas Costa, M. B. (2024). 2D-FDTD Electromagnetic Simulation of an Ultracompact All-Optical Logic Gate Based on 2D Photonic Crystal for Ultrafast Applications. Journal of Communication and Information Systems, 39(1), 35–45. https://doi.org/10.14209/jcis.2024.4
Issue
Vol. 39 No. 1 (2024): Vol. 39 No. 1 (2024)
Section
Regular Papers
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Author Biographies

Léo César Parente De Almeida, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica, UFPA

Léo César Parente De Almeida received the MSc degree in Electrical Engineering in 2016, and the BSc degree in Mathematics in 2010, all from the Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Brazil. He is Professor at the Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará (UFOPA), Brazil. His research interests include photonic crystal fibers, optical fiber amplifiers, and integrated optical components.

Fabio Barros de Sousa, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica, UFPA

PhD in Electrical Engineering with a concentration in Telecommunications from the Federal University of Pará. He is currently a substitute professor at the Institute of Geosciences and Engineering at the Federal University of the South and Southeast of Pará – Brazil. He has published research in the following areas: history of mathematics, microstrip antennas, fiber optic communication systems, optical and photonic devices, Bragg grating sensors.

Waldomiro Gomes Paschoal Junior, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Física, UFPA

Waldomiro G. Paschoal Jr. has obtained the Licentiate degree in Physics and Master degree in Geophysics at the Federal University of Pará, Belém-PA, Brazil, in 2001 and 2004, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree in Physics at the Lund University, Lund, Sweden, in 2014. In 2014-2015, he performed the postdoctoral in Physics at the Federal University of Pará, Belém-PA, Brazil. In 2003 – 2014, he was high school teacher at the Pará Education Secretary, Belém-PA, Brazil. Currently, he is Professor at the Federal University of Pará and also Researcher at two Physics Groups of Amazon Materials (SciTechZon - Science and Technology in Amazon and GFMA - Physics Group of Amazon Materials) of the Graduate Program in Physics at the Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences at Federal University of Pará. He has experience in the field Condensed Matter Physics, with emphasis on Optical and Raman spectroscopy techniques at regimes under extreme temperature and pressure conditions, Scanning Electron Microscopy, X-ray diffraction and Magnetic/Electrical Setups. Waldomiro Paschoal Jr's research concerns the nanotechnology with focus on nanofabrication and the development of nanodevices, spintronics, semiconductor nanowires and optical, electrical and magnetic characterization of inorganic and organic semiconductor materials. (CV – http://lattes.cnpq.br/8021271825437480)

Marcos Benedito Caldas Costa, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica, UFPA

Marcos B. C. Costa holds a bachelor's degree in Physics from the Federal University of Pará (2001), a MSc in Geophysics from the Federal University of Pará (2005) and a PhD in Teleinformatics Engineering from the Federal University of Ceará (2013). He is currently Associate Professor II of the Federal University of Pará, working in Electrical Engineering, mainly in the following subjects: Optical fiber devices, optical devices in photonic crystal fibers and PBG antennas.